Clinical Pattern, Management Outcome, and Associated factors of patients admitted to COVID-19 ICU Center of St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College Clinical Pattern, Management Outcome, and Associated factors of patients admitted to COVID-19 ICU Center of St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome novel virus, is considered one of the greatest global public health crisis by the WHO. It claimed millions of lives globally, with death occurring among populations with certain contributing factors. However, evidence regarding the burden of mortality and its associated factors in our setting was scarce.

Methods: A single-centered, retrospective study was conducted at the ICU of St. Paul's hospital millennium medical college COVID-19 treatment center to assess the clinical profile, management outcome, and associated factors of patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICU center of St. Paul's hospital millennium medical college from June 8, 2020, to May 30, 2021. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select eligible patients’ charts. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive analysis was used for statistical analysis of baseline data, and regression analysis was used to determine association between dependent and independent variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.   

Results: A total data of 272 patients were analyzed, with a median age of 60.5 years and more than two-thirds, 183(67.3%) being males. Most (75.7%) had a pre-existing comorbid medical condition and a majority (71.3%) had a COVID-19 disease of critical disease severity. Overall, in-ICU mortality rate was 64.3%. Multivariable analysis showed that adverse outcome was significantly associated with intubated patients, ARDS, septic shock, critical disease, comorbidity, systolic blood pressure of <90mmHg at admission were associated with death among the studied patients.

Conclusion: Most common comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes, and CKD. Moreover, high mortality among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients was strongly associated with septic shock, and those intubated patients with ARDS.

Keywords: COVID-19; clinical pattern; management outcome; associated factors; ICU; Ethiopia.